Protocol on Settlement of the Military and Political Situation in the Areas of Confrontation

Year:1996 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:United Tajik Opposition (UTO) Country / Territory:Tajikistan PDF:English

Comment: The UTO commits to release prisoners of war.

Agreement between the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, E. S. Rakhmonov, and the leader of the United Tajik Opposition, S. A. Nuri, on the Results of the Meeting held in Moscow

Year:1996 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:United Tajik Opposition (UTO) Country / Territory:Tajikistan PDF:English

Comment: The parties agreed to conduct an exchange of prisoners of war and other prisoners.

Annexed to this agreement is the "Protocol on the Main Functions and Powers of the Commission on National Reconciliation".

Agreement on a Temporary Ceasefire and the Cessation of other Hostile Acts on the Tajik-Afghan Border and within the Country for the Duration of the Talks

Year:1994 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:United Tajik Opposition (UTO) Country / Territory:Tajikistan PDF:English

Comment: In Article 2 (c) the parties agree to prevent acts of violence against the civilian population such as murders, hostage taking, unlawful detention and acts of pillage. Furthermore, the parties agree in Article 2 (b) to cease all acts of terrorism and sabotage. In Article 4 (b) the UTO agree to release the prisoners of war.

Agreement on Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration

Year:2008 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Lord's Resistance Army/Lord's Resistance Movement (LRA/LRM) Country / Territory:Uganda PDF:English

Comment: Annex to the Agreement on a Permanent Ceasefire signed in Juba, 2008.

Notably Article 2.6 on the recruitment and use of children and Article 2.11 as well as 2.12 on LRA/M's commitment to ensure the release of women and children. See also Article 2.14 and 2.15 the special rights of women and article 2.16 on the special needs of protected persons.

Letter from Mr. Jalal Talabani, Secretary General of the PUK, to Mr. Kofi Annan, United Nations Secretary General

Year:2000 Type of document:Unilateral Declarations and Statements ANSA:Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) Country / Territory:Iraq PDF:English

Comment: Letter enclosed to the Deed of Commitment under Geneva Call for Adherence to a total Ban on Anti-personnel Mines and for Cooperation in Mine Action.

Letter from Mr. Masoud Barzani, Secretary General of the KDP, to Mr. Kofi Annan, United Nations Secretary General

Year:1999 Type of document:Unilateral Declarations and Statements ANSA:Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) Country / Territory:Iraq PDF:English

Comment: Letter enclosed to the Deed of Commitment under Geneva Call for Adherence to a total Ban on Anti-personnel Mines and for Cooperation in Mine Action.

N’Djamena Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement

Year:2004 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Justice and Equality Movement (JEM), Sudan Liberation Movement/Sudan Liberation Army (SLM/SLA) Country / Territory:Sudan PDF:English

Comment: Article 2 prohibits the laying of mines as well as acts of violence against the civilian populations and any act of sabotage, any restriction on the freedom of movement. Furthermore, it engages the parties to mark minefields and to ensure humanitarian access. In Article 5 the parties agree to free all prisoners of war and all persons deprived of their liberty because of the war. In Article 8 the parties agree to facilitate the delivery of humanitarian assistance to displaced persons and civilian victims of war.

Sudan Peace Agreement

Year:1997 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLM/SPLA), United Democratic Salvation Front (UDSF), Equatoria Defence Force (EDF), South Sudan Independents Group (SSIG), South Sudan Independence Movement (SSIM), Union of Sudan African Parties (USAP) Country / Territory:Sudan, South Sudan PDF:English

Comment: See notably Chapter Three "Political Issues", the article on Fundamental Rights and Freedoms.

Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement

Year:2006 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Eastern Sudan Front (ESF) Country / Territory:Sudan PDF:English

Comment: In Chapter One "Political Issues", Article 6 "Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms" the parties commit to respect Human Rights. In Chapter Two "Economic, Social and Cultural Issues", Article 22 "Strategic Objectives" the parties fixe as fundamental objectives of the development in Eastern Sudan the return and rehabilitation of displaced persons as well as the guarantee that all the development programs address specific needs of women. In Chapter Three "Comprehensive Ceasefire and Final Security Arrangements", Article 25 "General Principles", § 86 the parties reaffirm their respect for Human Rights. In Article 25 "Comprehensive Ceasefire Agreement", § 91 (b) the parties agree to protect civilians from acts of violence. Several times the parties affirm that special measures shall be taken to ensure women's participation.

Agreement on a Permanent Ceasefire

Year:2008 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Lord's Resistance Army/Lord's Resistance Movement (LRA/LRM) Country / Territory:Uganda PDF:English

Comment: Notably Article 5 "Ceasefire Violations" enumerating prohibited acts of violence against civilians such as attacks, abduction, hostage taking, unlawful arrest etc.

Gulu Ceasefire Agreement

Year:1994 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Lord's Resistance Army/Lord's Resistance Movement (LRA/LRM) Country / Territory:Uganda PDF:English

Peace Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Sierra Leone and the Revolutionary United Front of Sierra Leone

Year:1996 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Revolutionary United Front (RUF) Country / Territory:Sierra Leone PDF:English

Comment: In the Preamble the parties affirm their commitment towards respect for Human Rights and IHL. See also Article 19 on the respect for Human Rights including the right to life, freedom from torture, the right to a fair trial etc. The parties also agree that all political prisoners and prisoners of war shall be released. Article 20 deals with the implementation of Human Rights. In Article 21 the parties undertake to respect IHL. In Article 22 the parties ensure to give special attention to war victims, disabled persons and other vulnerable groups.

Lomé Peace Accord

Year:1999 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Revolutionary United Front (RUF) Country / Territory:Sierra Leone PDF:English

Comment: In the Preamble the parties commit towards the respect of IHL and Human Rights as well as the protection of children. In Part Four, Article XV the parties agree to guarantee the safety of peace monitors and in Article XIX they agree to furnish to the JMC information regarding the positions and descriptions of "all known unexploded bombs (UXBs), explosive ordnance devices (EODs), minefields, booby traps, wire entanglements, and all other physical or military hazards". See especially Part Five "Humanitarian, Human Rights and Socio-Economic Issues" including articles on the release of prisoners, on displaced persons, the guarantee of Human Rights, humanitarian assistance, women etc.

The following documents are attached as annexes to the peace agreement: Agreement on Ceasefire in Sierra Leone; Statement by the Government of Sierra Leone and the RUF of Sierra Leone on the Release of Prisoners of War and Non-Combatants; Statement by the Government of Sierra Leone and the RUF of Sierra Leone on th Delivery of Humanitarian Assistance in Sierra Leone.

N’Sele Ceasefire Agreement

Year:1991 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Front Patriotique Rwandais (FPR) Country / Territory:Rwanda PDF:English

Comment: Especially Article II declaring the release of PoWs as well as persons deprived of their liberty as a result of the war and a ban on "mine-laying operations or the hindering of operations to remove the mines".

Arusha Peace Accords

Year:1993 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Front Patriotique Rwandais (FPR) Country / Territory:Rwanda PDF:English

Comment: The following documents are an integral part of the peace agreement and are attached as annexes: N'sele Ceasefire Agreement of 1991, The Protocol of Agreement on the Rule of Law of 1992, The Protocols of Agreement on Power-Sharing within the Framework of a Broad-Based Transitional Government of 1993, The Protocol of Agreement on the Repatriation of Rwandan Refugees and the Resettlement of Displaced Persons of 1993, The Protocol Agreement on the Integration of Armed Forces of the two parties of 1993, The Protocol Agreement on Miscellaneous Issues and Final Provisions of 1993.

Agreement on Ceasefire

Year:1999 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Revolutionary United Front (RUF) Country / Territory:Sierra Leone PDF:English

Comment: The parties agree in Paragraph 3 to guarantee access by humanitarian organizations to all people in need and in Paragraph 5 they agree to a release of all prisoners of war and persons deprived of their liberty.

Ceasefire Agreement between the Government of Sierra Leone and RUF

Year:2000 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Revolutionary United Front (RUF) Country / Territory:Sierra Leone PDF:English

Comment: In Paragraph 5 the parties agree to ensure free movement of persons and goods, as well as unimpeded movement of humanitarian agencies and of displaced persons. Paragraph 9 enumerates prohibited acts of violence such as laying of mines, harassment, hostage taking etc.

Declaration of Cessation of Hostilities

Year:1995 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) Country / Territory:Sri Lanka PDF:English

Comment: Notably Paragraph 4 prohibiting acts of violence against civilians.

Declaration on Cessation of Hostilities, Structures and Principles of the Somalia National Reconciliation Process

Year:2002 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Transitional National Government (TNG), Rahanweyn Resistance Army - Faction of Col. Hassan Mohamed Nur “Shatigudud” (RRA-Shatigudud), Hiran Patriotic Alliance (HPA), United Somali Congress/Somali National Alliance-Nakuru (USC/SNA/Nakuru ), Somali National Front (SNF), Juba Valley Alliance (JVA), Southern Somali National Movement/BIREM (SSNM/BIREM), Southern Somali National Movement/Somali National Alliance (SSNM/SNA), Somalia Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC), Somali African Muki Organization - Nakuru (SAMO/Nakuru), Jowhar Administration, Somali Patriotic Movement - Faction of General Aden Abdullahi Nur “Gabyow” (SPM-Gabyow), Puntland State of Somalia, United Somali Congress/Somali Salvation Army (USC/SSA), United Somali Congress (USC), Somali Patriotic Movement (SPM), United Somali Congress/Somali National Alliance (USC/SNA) Country / Territory:Somalia PDF:English

Comment: Notably Article 3 "Enhanced Safe Access for Aid" affirming the right to receive humanitarian assistance and guaranteeing the security of humanitarian relief personnel and objects.

Agreement between the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia (TFG) and the Alliance for the Re-Liberation of Somalia (ARS)

Year:2008 Type of document:Agreements ANSA:Alliance for the Re-Liberation of Somalia (ARS) Country / Territory:Somalia PDF:English

Comment: In Paragraph 3 the parties affirm to facilitate the protection of the population and the unhindered delivery of humanitarian assistance.